Guides du droit bulgare
Chaque guide explique une démarche ou un problème juridique : à qui il s’adresse, ce que la loi exige, comment se déroule la procédure et où l’on se trompe le plus souvent.
Créer une société à responsabilité limitée en Bulgarie (OOD/EOOD) en 2026
Le calendrier du fondateur d’une OOD bulgare, des premiers choix de structure aux déclarations dues dans les semaines suivant l’immatriculation, mis à jour pour le capital en euros.
S’installer en Bulgarie depuis un pays hors UE — aperçu des titres de séjour
La Bulgarie offre une base dans l’UE et l’espace Schengen, une fiscalité basse et un coût de la vie modéré. Les titres de séjour ouverts aux ressortissants hors UE, et comment chacun mène au statut permanent et à la nationalité.
Autres guides (en anglais)
Moving to Bulgaria as an EU Citizen — Registration, Personal Number and What Comes Next
EU citizens need no visa and no permit to live in Bulgaria, but they do need to register after three months. The certificate, the personal number it brings, family members from outside the EU, and the health and tax questions that follow.
Retiring to Bulgaria — Residence for Pensioners from Outside the EU
Bulgaria has a residence ground made for retirees: a state pension, enough income and health insurance are the core. How the visa and the permit work, what to prepare, and how a retirement here becomes permanent.
Freelancer, Sole Trader or EOOD? How to Work for Yourself in Bulgaria
Bulgaria offers three ways to go solo: as a freelancer, as a sole trader or through a one-owner company. Which of them a foreigner can actually use, how each is taxed and insured, and which one fits.
Running a Bulgarian Company from Abroad — Tax Residence, Substance and the Yearly Calendar
A Bulgarian company can be owned and managed from anywhere, but where it is managed affects where it pays tax. The risks of running it from abroad, how to build real substance in Bulgaria, and the deadlines that keep it in good standing.
Paying Yourself as Owner-Manager of a Bulgarian Company — Contracts, Social Security and Health Cover
Managing your own company does not automatically mean a salary — but how you are paid decides whether, and where, you are insured. The options for Bulgarian owner-managers, and what changes when you live abroad.
Refused a Bulgarian Residence Permit or Visa? How to Appeal
A refusal from the Migration Directorate or a Bulgarian consulate is not the end of the road. The first two weeks decide what remains possible — the deadline, the two routes of appeal and what a court can order.
Permanent Residence in Bulgaria After Five Years — and EU Long-term Resident Status
Five years of yearly renewals can end in a status that never expires. Who qualifies for Bulgarian permanent residence, how absences are counted, what to file — and how it differs from EU long-term resident status.
Buying an Off-Plan Apartment in Bulgaria — Acts 14, 15 and 16 Explained
Off-plan flats are cheaper — and riskier, because the building, the permit and sometimes the developer may not make it to completion. The documents to check, when you actually become the owner, and how to tie payments to progress.
Registering a Trademark in Bulgaria or the EU — Steps, Costs and Timeline
A brand is easy to register and expensive to lose. The choice between a Bulgarian and an EU trademark, the search that should come first, what the offices charge and how long it takes.
GDPR for a Small Company in Bulgaria — What You Actually Need
A small company does not need a compliance department, but it does need a handful of documents and habits. The GDPR basics and the Bulgarian rules on top of them — from job applicants to ID copies — in one list.
Branch or Subsidiary? How a Foreign Company Sets Up in Bulgaria
A branch keeps everything inside the parent company; a subsidiary keeps Bulgarian risk in Bulgaria. How the two compare on liability, paperwork, tax and the way Bulgarian partners see you.
Transferring Shares in a Bulgarian Limited Company (OOD/EOOD)
Selling out, bringing in an investor or tidying up ownership: the steps that make a transfer of shares in a Bulgarian limited company valid, and what a buyer should check before signing.
Selling Your Bulgarian Property When You Live Abroad
Owners who have moved away — or never lived in Bulgaria — can sell without travelling. The documents, the deed, the tax rules for EU and non-EU sellers, and the points that most often hold a sale up.
Powers of Attorney Signed Abroad for Use in Bulgaria
Most of what international clients do in Bulgaria — buying, selling, setting up and running companies — can be done through an attorney. The power of attorney has to be right the first time: where to sign, which certification, which translation.
Opening a Bulgarian Business Bank Account as a Foreign Founder
For most foreign founders the bank, not the registry, is the slowest part of setting up in Bulgaria. How the capital account works, what the bank will ask for and how to avoid a refusal.
VAT Registration in Bulgaria — When It Becomes Mandatory and What Follows
Most new companies start outside the VAT system — but turnover is not the only trigger, and a single foreign invoice can make registration compulsory. When to register, when it pays to register early, and what changes afterwards.
Taking Profits Out of a Bulgarian Company — Dividends, Salary and the Rules in Between
Bulgaria taxes company profit at 10% and dividends at 5% — 14.5% in total. How a dividend is decided and paid, when interim dividends are allowed, when a salary makes more sense, and the shortcuts that tax inspectors treat as hidden distributions.
Hiring Your First Employee in Bulgaria — What the Company Must Do
The first hire turns a company into an employer, with paperwork that must be done before day one. The steps, the 2026 figures and the mistakes inspectors look for.
Renting Out Your Bulgarian Property When You Live Abroad
A Bulgarian property can earn rent while you live elsewhere — but tax, registration and the tenant relationship are yours to get right. Long-term leases and holiday lets compared, and what each requires.
Inheriting Property in Bulgaria When You Live Abroad
A parent or relative leaves a flat in Sofia or a house on the coast, and the heirs live in Germany, Russia or the UK. Which law applies, what has to be done in Bulgaria, and what it costs.
Recovering a Debt from a Bulgarian Company — Options for Foreign Creditors
An unpaid invoice from a Bulgarian customer is rarely a lost cause. The routes from demand letter to bailiff, which EU procedures help cross-border creditors, and the deadlines to watch.
Becoming Tax Resident in Bulgaria — the Rules That Decide Where You Pay
A residence permit does not make you tax resident, and leaving your old country does not end your tax ties there. The two Bulgarian tests, what they mean for your income, and how to document the move.
Hiring a Non-EU Worker in Bulgaria — the Single Permit for Employers and Candidates
The standard way for a Bulgarian employer to hire someone from outside the EU. Three questions to answer before filing, who prepares what, and the timeline from application to residence card.
Residence Through a Trade Representative Office — How the Route Works
A foreign company you own or run can open a representative office in Bulgaria — and its representatives can live here on that basis. What the company must show, how long each step takes and what keeps the permit alive.
Living in Bulgaria While Working Remotely — the Digital Nomad Route
A residence ground built for people who earn their living remotely from outside the EU and want a base in Bulgaria — without hiring locally or trading on the Bulgarian market.
The Euro Changeover — What Bulgarian Companies Need to Know
Bulgaria’s move to the euro converted every company’s registered capital automatically. What changed by itself, what the September 2026 amendments relaxed, and the practical updates still worth making.
Permanent Residence for Investors — Skipping the Five-Year Wait
Most foreigners reach permanent residence after five years. Qualifying investors can obtain it at once — and apply for citizenship five years later. The available routes and how the procedure runs.
Residence Through Buying Property in Bulgaria
A non-EU buyer who invests above the statutory threshold in Bulgarian real estate can obtain a renewable residence permit. The value test, the financing rules and the steps from purchase to residence card.
Bulgarian Citizenship for People of Bulgarian Descent
Having a Bulgarian grandparent or great-grandparent can open a facilitated path to citizenship — and with it an EU passport. What “Bulgarian origin” means legally, what else is assessed and how to build a strong file.
Already Bulgarian by Birth? Confirming Citizenship under Article 39
If a parent was a Bulgarian citizen when you were born, you may already be Bulgarian — just never recorded as such. How the Art. 39 procedure confirms it and leads to a Bulgarian birth certificate, ID card and passport.
The EU Blue Card in Bulgaria — the Fast Lane for Skilled Professionals
For highly qualified non-EU specialists, the Blue Card skips job advertising and the foreign-staff cap and lasts up to five years. Who qualifies and how it is obtained.
Residence for Spouses and Parents of Bulgarian Citizens
Married to a Bulgarian, or the parent of a Bulgarian child? You are entitled to live in Bulgaria on that basis, through one of the quickest and cheapest procedures available.
Bringing Your Family to Bulgaria — Family Reunification Explained
Once you hold a Bulgarian residence permit, your spouse and children can join you through family reunification. Who qualifies, what you need to prove and how the three stages run.
What Foreign Buyers Can — and Cannot — Own in Bulgaria
Apartments are open to almost everyone; land is a different story. Who can buy what in Bulgaria, the company route and its limits, and how a purchase is completed.
Checking a Property Before You Buy — What a Title Review Covers
The listing shows the price and the floor plan; the title review shows whether you should buy. The documents we obtain, the checks we run and the problems we find most often.
Outils et références (en anglais)
Trouver son titre de séjour
Répondez à quelques questions et voyez quel titre de séjour correspond habituellement à votre situation.
DécouvrirGlossaire
40 termes juridiques, fiscaux et immobiliers bulgares expliqués simplement.
DécouvrirRegistres officiels
Liens directs vers les registres et services en ligne officiels, et à quoi sert chacun.
DécouvrirMeridian Business Law
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